BJ, It means it is a motorway or autoroute section, the same as our A1(M). The same rules apply as for an autoroute e.g no mopeds under 50cc, no learner drivers etc.
That sums it up well, I got a rollicking from a couple of French Bike Oficers as I wizzed down such a road on the moped to the Hypermarket a year or two back.
Didn't have clue what they were on about, but guessed I was not meant to be on that road as they rode shotgun until I turned off.
Thanks for that. We have been driving in France for about 15 years, but I have never known what this sign meant and couldn't find it in any of the books & atlases which show road signs!