Simon.
In basic lay-mans terms a caravan is classed as a trailer.
As such it does not require any official MOT or road worthyness test. However you as the person towing it (you need not necesarily be the owner if you have rented or borrowed it)are resoponsible for ensuring that it is road worthy mechanically and has legal working lights/brakes/tyres etc.
I for one would welcome a road worthyness test despite owning a 25 year old caravan myself.
There are plenty of vans even a quater of the age of mine htat are used on the road with serious defects. Saw one yesterday merily trecking down the A44 witha brake cable hanging off and only the right side set of tail/stop lights working.
Most faults can be found in the 10 min hitching up checks.
Steve.