I’ve screen dumped this article from today’s DT. I think you are spot on Prof. Time will tell but maybe as technology improves this type of heating may become the norm. The current question is at what cost both financially and noise pollution plus high installation costs.
I suspect Hydrogen boilers will be the winner, but when?
How homes must adapt to go green and still stay warm
The Government has ambitious targets but the reality will be costly adjustments for consumers
Emma Gatten, Environment Editor
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When the Government unveiled its ambition to reach net zero by 2050, the public will have understood that changes to their lifestyle would be needed.
However, people will not accept cold homes or more expensive bills as the price of going green, experts have warned. “Citizens have a veto on net zero. If you get enough of a backlash about something, then the politicians will quite rightly step away from that,” said Guy Newey, an adviser to Amber Rudd during her time as business and energy secretary. “If people can’t get their homes to the level they want, they’re going to be pretty angry – quite rightly so.”
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The cost of staying cosy
Average installation costs
1. Hydrogen-ready boiler – £3,000
2. EV charger – £350-£1,000
3. Loft insulation – £440-£740
4. Internal wall insulation – £7,000
5. External wall insulation – £8,500
6. – Cavity wall insulation £600-£2,400
7. Underfloor heating – £4,400
8. Air-source heat pump – £7,000+
9. Air-source heat pump – £9,000
Heat pumps
The Government wants heat pumps to replace gas boilers, but they are bigger and noisier, and other changes to homes are needed to ensure they do not leave inhabitants cold.
Experts say heat pumps can warm homes to a comfortable level, provided the right system is installed, and can bring benefits by reducing the flow of indoor air pollution by maintaining a low level of heat.
“[A heat pump] is a low temperature heat system. It’s an advantage, but can be seen as a disadvantage,” said Nathan Gambling, a consultant specialising in training heating engineers.
How heat pumps work
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1. An outdoor unit takes in heat from the ambient air and transfers it to a coolant.
2. A compressor increases the temperature of the coolant further.
3. The coolant transfers the heat to a hot water reserve tank via a heat exchanger
4. Hot water from the tank is circulated to radiators and water supplies in the house.
5. Cold water from radiators is returned to the tank
6. The coolant is cooled by the water and transferred back to the outdoor unit to be heated again.
“Ideally all our heat systems in our home should be low temperature, for a number of reasons. Low temperature is a healthier form of heating.”
But he warned that heating engineers lack the expertise to ensure people had the right system installed when they made the swap.
And information for those wishing to go green in their homes can be hard to come by. “Right now, if you want to switch to a low-carbon heating, you’ve got to go on some kind of grand journey of discovery. You need to become a project manager or a building physicist,” said Mr Newey.
“It’s quite an invasive process in your home,” said Darren Jones MP, the chair of the Commons business and energy committee.
“And, because the market is not fully mature yet, the cost of installing is very high. You’re looking at 10 to 15k, plus invasive work in your home.
‘Architects historically haven’t given thought to the heating. So that mindset is going to have to change’
“Government, energy suppliers – they’re not really talking to customers about this, or explaining that something significant is going to have to change.”
Heat pumps are also a bigger and noisier option than a gas boiler, which could prove an issue when installed on a large scale. “Architects historically haven’t given any sort of thought to the heating. We’re given a kitchen cupboard for your boiler. So that mindset is going to have to change,” said Mr Gambling.
“We haven’t really got to that point in the uptake where we know whether that’s an intrusion on people’s comfort,” he added. “They’re not as noisy as some people think, but then again, noise is quite subjective.”
Energy efficient homes
It’s not just heat pumps that mean homeowners might need to make costly adjustments.
The Government wants the majority of homes to be EPC C by 2035, and 2030 in the private sector. That means retrofitting measures in the two thirds of homes that are currently EPC D or below. Measures might include double or triple glazing, solid or cavity wall insulation and underfloor heating. Energy efficiency could be linked to lower mortgage rates, or higher loans to cover improvement measures.
However, the Government has scrapped after just six months its flagship £1.5 billion Green Homes Grant scheme, which gave homeowners up to £5,000, or £10,000 for low-income households, towards the cost of insulation and installing low-carbon heating.
Hydrogen boilers
A hydrogen boiler is potentially a much less intrusive option compared with heat pumps, costing around the same as a gas boiler.
But hydrogen is not yet ready for use in homes, and it is unclear when it will be and on what scale. When it is, it is likely to be only in certain areas, meaning investing in a hydrogen-ready boiler now could feel like a waste of money down the line.
It is also going to require some retrofitting of pipes to make them safe to carry the hydrogen.
Electric charging points
Accommodating electric cars will mean homeowners need a charger and will face increased energy bills.
New petrol and diesel cars will be banned from sale from 2030, and the Climate Change Committee wants 64 per cent of all cars on the road to be electric by 2032. Installing a charger at home can cost up to £1,000 to install, with government grants covering up to £350. This is expected to fall to around £680 by 2040.
Electricity bills will increase with daily charging (though still cheaper than fuel costs), making shopping around for the best tariff crucial. Many supply electricity at significantly cheaper off-peak prices which can be utilised if it has smart features. Some can even be linked to the renewable energy supply in your home, such as solar panels, and can sell your excess electricity back to the grid.
But with many deals available online, there is a potential for those without digital access to be left behind, warns Dhara Vyas, the head of Future Energy Services at Citizens Advice.
For those without off-street parking, trailing cables across pavements is technically illegal. Trials are under way in Oxford to dig trenches to stretch the cables from your home to the roadside.
A spokesman for the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy said: “The UK has a strong track record in improving the energy performance of its homes, with 40 per cent now rated EPC band C – up from just 9 per cent in 2008.
“We are committed to going further and faster, and are investing £9 billion in improving the energy efficiency of our buildings, while creating hundreds of thousands of skilled green jobs.”
Green house How your home will need to change
Retrofit your home to make it more energy efficient
To reach the Government’s target of the majority of homes rated as EPC C by 2035, and 2030 in the private sector, changes will be needed including double or triple glazing, solid or cavity wall insulation and underfloor heating.
For a semi-detached home, the CCC predicts costs of £8,590 for external wall insulation, up to £2,480 for cavity wall insulation and £740 for loft insulation.
Get a heat pump
Gas boilers in new homes will be banned from 2025, and by 2050, all homes should be using a low-carbon alternative.
Heat pumps, whether air or ground-sourced, are likely to be the most popular alternative.
Right now, the cost of installing them can range from £4,000 to £13,000, but you can get quarterly payments over seven years under the Government’s Renewable Heat Incentive which will effectively cover much of the cost.
To get a heat pump working optimally, you may need to install bigger radiators, underfloor heating and other insulation, which could prove disruptive.
Get a hydrogen boiler
A hydrogen boiler is potentially a less intrusive and cheaper option than a heat pump. But hydrogen is not yet ready for use in homes, and it is unclear when it will be.
Install an EV charger
If you have an electric or a hybrid car, installing a charger at home could cost up to £1,000, with government grants covering up to £350. This is expected to fall to around £680 by 2040.
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