Mike,
If you do a search for Brugge (the local name for the city) on this forum you'll find a lot of recommendations.
However, there are a very limited number of campsites around Brugge - Camping Memling is one that stands out. it's only about 1 km from the canal around the ity centre. A supermarket is close by, there is a bus service to Brugge and Damme.
Damme is probably my favourite small town in Belgium - holds bookfests during the year - a bit like Hay on Wye - and has a beautiful central markt (market square) surrounded by cafes and restaurants - only 5km from the centre of Brugge - and worth a visit - and eating out is less expensive than central Brugge
There have been good reports of Camping Hoeke (just North of Damme) which is a CL type location.
Brugge is a fantastic city, but so is Gent about 40 km further East - which has probably the best campsite in Belgium - Camping Blaarmeersen.
Robert