Which country was that probably USA California who were the vanguard for cleaner vehicles.
In Britain petrol car emissions were MOT tested in 1991 with diesel in 1994 but harmonised EU regulations fir new cars didn’t come in until 1992 EU1 and progressively then rolled out as new technology evolved and reductions in emissions were sought.
Tests could be carried out at a variety of facilities even at the makers. The tests were indoors on a rolling road set up including a large fan to replicate the required air speed.