The motorways used in the initial trials, M25 and M42, used a dynamic hard shoulder which only opened as a running lane when volume was very high and/or when queues were forming at junctions - the majority of the time they were just for emergency use - unfortunately a significant proportion of UK motorists can't cope with a big red X over a lane and the compliance on the trialed smart motorways was poor.
While some dynamic hard shoulder were implemented afterwards, it's now policy not to implement any more - so some motorways are being converted to "all-lane running" while others will retain their existing hard shoulder.
The variable speed limit aspect of Smart motorways generally works well, with good compliance and improved journey times but there are occasions when the VSLs are set for no appropriate reason.